Environmental Impact

Clean Water. Green Delivery.

Every route on the PureFlow network is designed to minimize environmental impact. Rail-first logistics, renewable-powered sourcing, and verifiable emissions data across every corridor.

Published dataCalculated from route dataProjection — volume assumption

−62%

CO₂ vs ocean shipping

Lower CO₂ emissions vs container shipping

−95%+

CO₂ vs air cargo

Lower CO₂ emissions vs air freight

54,800

km

Total network length

Combined km across all branches of the rail network

Scope 3

GHG Protocol aligned

Transport emissions auditable under GHG Protocol

Section 03 · Source advantage

Sourced where energy is 100% renewable

Iceland generates virtually all its electricity from geothermal and hydroelectric sources. Water sourced, processed, and loaded for transit in Iceland starts its journey with a near-zero carbon footprint.

Published data

~100%

Renewable electricity

Iceland's electricity generation comes from renewable sources — hydroelectric and geothermal — with negligible fossil generation.

Source: Orkustofnun (Iceland National Energy Authority)

~25–30%

Geothermal share

Share of total electricity generated by geothermal power plants in Iceland.

Source: Orkustofnun annual energy statistics

~70–75%

Hydroelectric share

Share of total electricity generated by hydroelectric power plants in Iceland.

Source: Orkustofnun annual energy statistics

Very low

Grid carbon intensity

Iceland has one of the lowest grid carbon intensities in the world thanks to near-100% renewable generation.

Source: IEA Country Reports — Iceland

Iceland electricity mix

Approximate annual share, ~100% renewable

~100%RENEWABLE
Hydroelectric
~72%
Geothermal
~27%
Wind & other renewables
~1%

Approximate shares — the hydro / geothermal split varies year to year with rainfall and demand. See Orkustofnun for current figures.

What this means for AFW

Water sourcing, processing, and port-side loading in Iceland are powered by the national grid. Because Iceland's grid is generated almost entirely from renewable geothermal and hydroelectric sources, these operations carry minimal carbon emissions before the water even begins its journey to market.

Based on Iceland's published national energy statistics. AFW's specific facility energy consumption will be published when operations commence.

Section 03 · Emissions by mode

CO2 per tonne-kilometre, five modes compared

Published ranges from international transport agencies. Hover any bar to read the underlying source.

Published data
Electric RailPureFlow Network
515g CO₂/t·km
Source: IEA Transport Report. Varies by national grid carbon intensity.
Container ShipOcean Freight
820g CO₂/t·km
Source: IMO Fourth GHG Study 2020. Varies by vessel size, speed and load factor.
Diesel RailNon-electrified corridors
1830g CO₂/t·km
Source: ITF / OECD Transport Outlook. European average for freight rail.
Road TruckHeavy goods vehicle
60100g CO₂/t·km
Source: EEA Transport Emissions Report. European average articulated truck, long-haul.
Air FreightCargo aircraft
500800g CO₂/t·km
50–80× higher than electric rail
Source: ICAO Carbon Calculator. Dedicated freighter; belly cargo sits at the lower end.

Ranges reflect published data from IEA, IMO, ITF/OECD, EEA and ICAO. Actual emissions vary with specific equipment, load factors, route conditions and grid carbon intensity. Bar scale capped at 100 g/t·km — air freight is shown as a relative multiplier so the chart stays readable.

Section 04 · Hub model

Why the architecture is structurally greener

Bulk storage at a strategic hub plus on-demand rail dispatch reduces waste at the design level — before any operator's good intentions enter the picture.

Published data

Traditional model

Point-to-point shipping

Scheduling

Fixed sailing schedules regardless of demand. Ships run whether full or partially loaded.

Route efficiency

Each shipment travels the full sea route from origin to destination. No consolidation between customers.

Load optimisation

Containers booked individually per sailing. Partial loads common for niche origins like Iceland.

Last mile

Port-to-door requires truck for every destination. No rail option in most shipping models.

Inventory waste

Over-ordering to buffer against irregular ship schedules. Product sits in warehouses for weeks.

PureFlow hub model

Iceland → Rotterdam → rail

Scheduling

Water stored in bulk at NL hub. Rail dispatched on demand when orders exist. No empty runs.

Route efficiency

Single sea leg (Iceland → Rotterdam) serves all European and Asian destinations. Rail fans out from one hub.

Load optimisation

Bulk water shipped to hub at full vessel utilisation. Rail containers loaded to capacity from storage.

Last mile

Rail reaches 96 destinations directly. Truck only for the final hop where rail does not extend.

Inventory waste

Continuous supply from NL hub. Order what you need, when you need it.

Operational design comparison. AFW hub-model advantages are structural features of the logistics architecture, not performance claims tied to specific shipments.

Section 05 · Calculator

Pick a route, see the math

Pick any of PureFlow's destinations and see CO₂ savings vs an equivalent all-sea route, with EPA equivalencies and a full methodology breakdown.

Per-route impact calculator

Pick a destination from the platform's route database. Distances are real, factors are published midpoints, output is a transparent calculation.

Calculated from route data

Direct rail · 2,024 km · 5 d

1 TEU1,000 TEU

CO₂ saved per shipment

0.06t CO₂

9.9% vs an equivalent all-sea route to Berlin

PureFlow vs sea

0.51 t → rail route

0.57 t → all-sea baseline

Route breakdown

All-sea
0.57 t
PureFlow
0.51 t
Sea (Iceland → Rotterdam)Electric railTruck (last mile)

Equivalent to

US EPA Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies Calculator

0.92

tree seedlings grown for 10 years

0.23k km

of car travel avoided

0.07 mo

of average home energy use

Section 06 · ESG framework alignment

Mapped to recognised frameworks

Each card lists the specific target or category PureFlow data supports — not generic logo soup.

Published data

UN SDG 6

Clean Water & Sanitation

Core mission alignment

  • Expanding access to pure freshwater through scalable logistics infrastructure
  • Delivery network designed to serve both commercial and humanitarian access pathways

UN SDG 9

Industry, Innovation & Infrastructure

Infrastructure & innovation

  • Building intercontinental rail logistics infrastructure connecting Iceland to 47 countries
  • PureFlow technology platform coordinating supply, logistics and distribution digitally

UN SDG 13

Climate Action

Direct mitigation lever

  • Rail-first logistics model designed to minimise transport emissions vs conventional shipping
  • Verifiable per-route emissions data enables informed climate-conscious decisions

UN SDG 17

Partnerships for the Goals

Multi-stakeholder model

  • Network spanning government, community, commercial and humanitarian partners
  • Open-platform approach enabling partner integration across the logistics chain

GHG Protocol

Scope 3 Cat. 4 — Upstream Transport

Audit-ready disclosures

  • Per-route emissions data structured for Scope 3 Category 4 reporting
  • Partners can incorporate PureFlow transport emissions directly into their corporate GHG inventories

EU Taxonomy

Sustainable Transport activity

Climate Delegated Act

  • Rail-first logistics aligns with EU Taxonomy criteria for low-carbon transport infrastructure
  • Supports the EU Green Deal objective of shifting freight from road to rail

Section 07 · Partner reporting

Help your partners report better

Every shipment on the PureFlow network generates route-level emissions data structured for GHG Protocol Scope 3 reporting. Customers can use this data directly in their corporate sustainability disclosures.

Projection — volume assumption

Scope 3 Transport Emissions — Sample

Supplier: Arctic Freshwater ehf. · Reporting period: [Reporting Period]

Category 4: Upstream Transportation and Distribution

DescriptionDistanceModeEmission factorCalculated
Water shipment: Iceland → Rotterdam (sea)1,324 kmContainer vessel8–20 g CO₂/t·km (IMO)[Calculated at shipment]
Water shipment: Rotterdam → [Destination] (rail)[Route distance] kmElectric rail freight5–15 g CO₂/t·km (IEA)[Calculated at shipment]

Methodology: emissions calculated using published factors from IMO (sea) and IEA (rail). Route distances from PureFlow logistics platform. Midpoint of published ranges applied.

Data confidence: AI-verified, 75%+ confidence score per data point.

Confidence-graded data

Each rate carries an A–D grade based on freshness, source count and cross-validation.

Drops into annual reports

Aligned to the categories CSRD, CDP and TCFD reviewers already expect.

Sample values are clearly marked. Per-shipment emissions and downloadable reports become available to partners once they're connected to the PureFlow network.

Section 08 · Impact at scale

Projected annual impact

Adjust the volume slider to see estimated environmental impact at different shipping volumes.

Projection — volume assumption

Projections based on network-average route data and published emissions factors. Actual impact depends on specific routes, volumes and conditions.

Annual volume: 5,000 TEU

100 TEU50,000 TEU

Projected CO₂ avoided per year

2.6kt CO₂

Rail route ~4.4k t vs all-sea baseline ~7.0k t

43,666

Tree seedlings grown for 10 years

EPA equivalency

10.9kk km

Of car travel avoided

EPA avg passenger vehicle

3,440 mo

Of average home energy use

EPA avg US household

Equivalencies: US EPA Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies Calculator. Emission factors: IEA (rail), IMO (sea). Network averages calculated from PureFlow route database. Assumes 20 t / TEU payload.

See the network in motion

Explore the dashboard for live route data, confidence-graded rates and country-level breakdowns.

Open dashboard →